|
|
|
|
- 1 kg = 2.2 pounds
- 1 foot = 0.305 meters
- 1 inch = 0.0254 meters |
|
 |
|
| |
what is obesity? - Associate Diseases |
|
|
 |
| |
| The index of corporal mass (ICM), is the most used measure in epidemiological studies for middle age men and women; it correlates to nearly 90% with the densitometri of mass lipid. In the case of older adults, who tend to have proportionally less muscular mass, it loses accuracy as an absolute way to measure. The ICM or Quetelet Index is calculated by the weight in kilograms divided by the weight squared in meters. It does not distinguish between fat, water or muscle, but is a very useful tool to obtain an approximate value of what weigh one should have according to his or her height. |
| |
| ACCORDING TO CORPORAL MASS DISTRIBUTION |
| |
| |
Obesity Tipes |
BMI |
| Underweight |
|
< 18.5 |
| Normal Weight |
|
18.5 - 24.9 |
| Overweight |
|
25.0 - 29.9 |
| Obesity |
I |
30.0 - 34.9 |
| |
II |
35.0 - 39.9 |
| Extreme Obesity |
III |
>= 40.0 |
|
|
| |
|
Obesity abdominovisceral or visceroportal |
|
|
| |
also called the android type). Predominance of the fat weaving in the upper half of the body: neck, shoulders, upper sector of the abdomen.
This type of obesity, as much in the males as in women, is clearly associated with an increase of the risk to develop Diabetes 2, Atheroesclerosis, Hyperuricemia and Hyperlipidemia, a direct consequence of the state of Insulin resistance.
This is explained by the fact that the intraabdominal fat possesses different metabolic characteristics from other fatty deposits: has a high sensibility to the mobilization of the free Greasy Acids, which impacts in an increase of the synthesis of VLDL, LDL, Glucose and Insulin.
To define abdominovisceral obesity we utilize the following parameters:
1. Index waist-hip: waist perimeter / hip perimeter. Values> 0, 8 women and 1 man.
2. Circumference of the Waist: > 39 Inches. ( > 100 cm.)
3. Sagital Diameter: It presents a good correlation with the quantity of visceral fat. In (dorsal decubitus) position, the abdominal fat enlarges the antero subsequent diameter of the abdomen. Aprox. 9.5 Inches (25 cm.) |
|
| |
|
Femoro gluteal or gynecoid obesity |
|
|
| |
Characterized for presenting gluteus’s, hips, thighs and lower half of the body adiposity. In this type of Obesity, a predominance of the lipogenic activity exists, on the lipolytic, that is to say, there is more fat created than the one that is destroyed. The circumference of the hip is correlated negatively with the different factors of cardiovascular risk. As conclusion, the estrogens, responsible for this disposition of corporal fat would be able to constitute a favourable characteristic associate to a smaller risk and consequently represents a protective factor for the female sex. |
|
| |
|
Beginning According to Obesity |
|
|
| |
Young - infant age obesity: Beginning before the 18 years. It is predictive of obesity as an adult. Children with excess obesity have greater probability of obesity in adulthood, and also, adults with a history of young - infant obesity have a greater risk of suffering from obesity for a longer time.
Adult Obesity: Beginning after the age of 18. This type of obesity is dominated by a mechanism of abnormal cell growth and associates more often to the abdominovisceral obesity and therefore with its metabolic complications.
|
|
| |
| |
|
|
| |
|
En español 
What is obesity?
